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(note: herbs/plants ref. w/"The English Physitian", Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654. -- where possible.)
See: Nero
"...And therefore, it was not for nothing, that Poppae Sabina, Nero's wife, had always five hundred Asses with her. And in a bath she soaked all her body with that Milk..."
Book by Proclus
"...Now we will show how to mix and compound many simples together, that the mixture may cause them to be more operative. Proclus, in his book of Sacrifice and Magick, says that the ancient priests were wont to mix many things together, because they saw that diverse simples had some property of a God in them, but none of them by itself sufficient to resemble him..."
Plotinus: 3rd Century Egyptian-born Greek philosopher and mystic, considered to be the father of Neoplatonism. An early hologrammatist, he sought the Oneness underlying the Everything and taught that every idea is contained in every other idea and that we are microcosms. Through meditation we can return to the unity.
Plotinus in his book of Sacrifice and Magick, says, "That the Philosophers considering this affinity and bond of Nature, wherewith all natural things are linked each to other, did thence frame these inferiors, and these inferiors in their superiors, earthly things in heavenly things in earthly but yet after an earthly sort."
"...The Platonicks, as Plotinus imitating Mercurim, writes in his book of Sacrifice and Magick, makes it to be a Science whereby inferior things are made subject to superiors, earthly and subdued to heavenly..."
"...We use to hang up Turkeys alive by the bills, at the Saddlebow, when we ride. .."
"...And thus may all parts be kept free from hair. The ancients used these as Saferna, and as Varro reports and teaches in his book of husbandry. .."
Saffron - A bulbous iridaceous plant (Crocus sativus) having blue flowers with large yellow stigmas. The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas, usually with part of the stile, of the Crocus sativus. Saffron is used in cookery, and in coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes, etc., and was formerly much used in medicine.
"... Then bruise the roots of Celandine, and of the greater clivers Madder, of each a like qulity. Mingle them, being bruised, very well with oil, wherein Cummin seed, shavings of Box, and a little Saffron, are mingled, annoint your head, and let it abide so for twenty hours..."
"... Then bruise the roots of Celandine, and of the greater clivers Madder, of each a like qulity. Mingle them, being bruised, very well with oil, wherein Cummin seed, shavings of Box, and a little Saffron, are mingled, annoint your head, and let it abide so for twenty hours..."
Sagapenum: A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of Ferula. It has been used in hysteria, etc, Origin: L. Sagapenon, sacopenium, Gr., cf. F. Sagapin, gomme sagapin, sagapenum, Ar. Sikbinaj, Per. Sakbinah, sikbinah.
See: Ferula
"...Take the flowers of Sage, Origanum,..., Sagapenum, Camphire, Mastick, Frankincense,.."
"...The same may be effeced on Sagapene, whose roots must be gathered at the same time, and sliced. And being put into a vessel with a gentle fire, will drop out a glutinous Liquor into the Receiver. Which, bing clarified, will harden like Gum, and is kept for medicianal uses..."
Sage
"The
English Physitian", Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654. --"A Decoction
of the Leavs and Branches of Sage made and drunk, saith Dioscorides provoketh
Urine, bringeth down Womens Courses, helpeth to expel the dead Child, and
causeth the hairs to become black; It staieth the bleeding of Wounds, and
clenseth foul Ulcers or Sores; The said Decoction made in Wine taketh away
the itching ofthe Cods if they be bathed therwith. Agrippa saith, That if
Women that cannot conceive by reason of the moist slipperiness of their Wombs
shall take a quantity of the Juyce of Sage with a little Salt for four daies
before they company with their Husbands, it will help them not only to Conceive,
but also to retain the Birth without miscarrying. Orpheus saith, Three spoonfuls
of the Juyce of Sage taken fasting with a little Honey, doth presently stay
the spitting or casting up of Blood."
"... Take therefore three handfuls of Sage, Nettles, Rosemary, Mallows, and the rind of the roots of Walnut.."
"...Ficinus reports, and he had it out of Albertus, that there is a certain bird, much like a blackbird, which is generated of the putrefaction of Sage, which receives her life and quickening from the general life of the whole world..."
"...In this manner Sal Alchali is made..."
"...If you put some Sal Alchali into the Brine, it will make it much harder..."
See: Ammoniac
Ammoniacum. The plant grows to height of about 7 feet and in spring and early summer contains a milky juice. It is visited by numbers of beetles which puncture the stem and thus cause an exudation, part of which dries on the stem, the rest falling to the ground where it becomes mixed with stones and other impurities found in the gum collected by the natives. The gum resin is found in special cavities in the tissues of the stem, root and petioles of the leaves. The name of the drug is said to be derived from the Temple of Jupiter Ammon in the Libyan Desert where it was collected by the ancients
"...Wherefore, it this seems too violent, take nine pounds of the former Salts, being dissolved in water, and two ounces of Sal Ammoniacum..."
"...Thus, Sal Ammoniacum, which has so long lain unknown, is discovered in our own country, and is nothing but Salt of Sulphur..."
"...When the Christians with an army besieged Ptolemais, when Saladin had appointed a Pigeon to be sent thus with letters to the besieged..."
"...For the Salamander itself genders nothing, neither is there any male or female among them, nor yet among Eels, nor any kind else, which does not generate of themselves either egg or young, as Pliny notes..."
"...A Salamander soaked in oil, will pull out the hair. But it will be stronger, if you steep it long in oil and dissolve it. The filthy matter that is white as milk, and is vomited up at the mouth by the Salamander , if it touch any part of the body, all the hair will fall off..."
See: Saltpeter
"... Then cast snow into a wooden vessel, and strew into it Saltpeter, powdered, or the cleansing of Saltpeter, called vulgarly Salazzo..."
"...Upon the dish, or ball there is strewn white sand, that comes from Vincentia, cammonly called Saldame, and with water it is forcibly rubbed between our hands..."
"...Then take a little Verdigrease, Tin calcined, and of the Firestone, powder all these with Sal Gemma, and common salt, and Salt Ammoniac. Distill them, and pour the distilled liquor again upon the foeces, and distill it again, and do it again the third time. .."
Sallet / Salad
Salad - A preparation of vegetables, as lettuce, celery, water cress, onions, etc., usually dressed with salt, vinegar, oil, and spice, and eaten for giving a relish to other food; as, lettuce salad; tomato salad, etc.
"...Moreover, if you cut the leaves of Cuckowpint small, and mingle them with Sallets. Those that eat of them, will have their mouths and tongues to drivel so much, with thick spittle, that they cannot eat till they have washed it off..."
"...There is also a kind of
Succory, called
Verrucaria
from the effect. For if one eats it but once in
Sallets, all the
Warts will be gone from any part
of the body..."
Sallow
"...So the Olive tree,
the Sallow, the
Linden tree, the
Elm, the
White poplar tree,
they declare the times of the suns standing, when it turns back again from
the poles, for then they hide their leaves, and show only their hoar-white
backs..."
"...Oil of Sal Soda...Dissolve the Salt in water. Strain it through a cloth and dry it. Lay it on a Marble and set it in a moist place. It will run down in an Oil..."
Salt - The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with saline particles.
"...Avicenna says, that if any thing stand long in Salt, it will become wholly Salt, if in an unsavory vessel, it will become unsavory..."
"...Aelianus writes, that the keeper of Sheep, and Goats, and Mares, do besmear their hands with Salt and Nitre, and then rub the generative parts of them in the time of their coition, for their more lustful and eager performance of that action..."
"...The same is done by Oil of Tartar, or Salt Alkali, or Soda, and strong water of separation of Gold..."
"...rub it with Salt Alkali and Sulphur, making little balls of them, and that will eat them out, that nothing shall be seen..."
sal ammoniacus or ammonium salt
"...but you must first purify it and cleanse it a little, by casting upon it some broken glass, and lees of wine, and Salt Ammoniac, and Saltpeter, every one of them by turns, and by little and little..."
"...Also of Vinegar and Gold Litharge, there is made a decoction very good to dye the hair yellow as Gold. Some there are, that draw out a strong water with fire, out of Saltpeter, Vitriol, Salt Ammoniac, and Cinaber, whereas the hairs dyed, will be presently yellow..."
"...take Allome de Plume, Salt Gemma, one Drachm, Frankincense, one and a half, Camphire, two Drachms, Oil of Tartar, six ounces, Rosewater, one pound..." (To make your face white)
"...There are many things, which being watered with Salt Liquors, do forsake their bitterness, and become sweet..."
"...Also iron dipped into a liquor of quicklime, and Salt of Soda purified with a Spunge, will become extreme hard..."
See: Sal Ammoniacum
"...Thus, Sal Ammoniacum, which has so long lain unknown, is discovered in our own country, and is nothing but Salt of Sulphur..."
See: Tartar
"...Take the lees of old wine, and dry it carefully. It is commonly called Tartar. Put into an Alimbeck, made in such sort, that the flame may be retorted from the top, and so augment the heat..."
"...But if you temper iron with Salt of Urine and Saltpeter dissolved in water, it will be very hard..."
"...The Egyptians, when their Dogs are backward in Copulation, make them more eager by giving them Salt-meats..."
"...Amphiretus Acantius, being taken by Pirates, and carried to Lemnos, was kept in chains, in hope that his ransom would bring them a great sum of money. He abstained from meat, and drank Minimum mixed with Saltwater (to counterfeit a bloody Flux)..."
"...Wherefore, that they might preserve fruit from corruption, they have used to drench them in Saltwater. Homer calls Salt a divine thing, because it has a special virtue against Putrefaction, and by it, bodies are preserved to all eternity. Plato calls it the friend of God, because no sacrifices were welcome to him, without Salt..."
Saltwort - A name given to several plants which grow on the seashore, as the Batis maritima, and the glasswort.
"...The herb Kali or Saltwort is commonly called Soda..."
Saltpeter: Common name for potassium nitrate, in the context of geologic deposits, it may also be used to refer to other nitrate minerals such as calciumnitrate.
See Nitre, Solzaao, Al-hali, Alome.
"...The Marchasite or fire-stone, the Lees of wine, that kind of Salt which is found in Africa under the sand, when the moon is full, which is commonly called by the name of Al-hali, Saltpeter, and lastly Alome..."
"...Make a large round vessel of Brass, and put into it Saltpeter, unrefined, and will fill it. Men call it Solzaao mingled with Ice..."
"...The weapon Salve...Given heretofore to Maximilian the Emperor, by Paracelsus, experimented by him, and was always very much accounted of by him while he lived..."
Sanders - An old name of sandalwood, now applied only to the red sandalwood.
"...Take four pounds of rose water, two of orange flowers, one of myrtle, three ounces of sweet Trifoil, one of Lavender. Add to these, two ounces of Benjamin, one of Storax, the quantity of bean of Labdanum, as much of Mace and cloves, a drachm of cinnamon, Sanders, and Lignum Aloes, an ounce of Spikenard..."
"...In the month of July, take three ounces of the seed, stamp it gently, and steep it in two glasses of the best white Wine, with Gentian, Tormentil, white Dittany, Zedoary, and Carline gathered in August. Red Sanders, long Aristolochie, of each two Drams. ..."
"...You must take a Peach stone, and put it into a Carrot that is then growing, and the stalk which grows of that stone in the Carrot. If it be carefully nourished and presrved, will bring forth Peaches of a Sanguine color..."
"...They strike them through as with a sword, set their entrails on fire, and make them waste into a leaness, especially if they are of a Cholerick or Sanguine complextion..."
"...Oil out of the Sanguine tree for lights..."
"...Take the berries of the ripe red Sanguinaria. These when they are dried, will be so shriveled, and like to Pepper, that any man almost may be deceived by it, unless he tastes of it..."
"...Afterwards, take the whites of two Eggs, and mix them with Bole-armenick and Sanguis-draconis, and dip some Flax into it, and apply it to the Reins..."
"....Vulnerary potions...Or take two handfuls of Pirole, of Sanicle, of Sowbread one. Of Ladies Mantel half one. Boil them in two measures of Wine, and drink it morning and evening..."
Sapper - .] One who saps; specifically (Mil.), one who is employed in working at saps, building and repairing fortifications, and the like.
"... Fed thus, they will grow as fat as great Sappers in Fig time, and so tender, that they will melt in your mouth, and they taste better by far then Pheasants, Heathcocks, or Thrushes..."
"...To turn a Saphire into a Diamond ...This stone, as all others, being put in the fire, loses his color. for the force of the fire makes the color fade. Many do it several ways. For some melt Gold, and put the Saphire in the middle of it..."
"...Artificers begin with a Sapphire. For when it is colored, unless it be presently removed from the fire, it loses its tincture, and the longer it remains in the fire, the brighter it grows..."
"...Distil all these severally.
Elder flowers, and flowers
of wild Roses,
Broom,
Honeysuckles,
Solomon's Seal, and
Briony roots, sour
Grapes, and
Sarcocolla..." (To make
the face white, clear, ruddy and soft)
Sargus /
Sargi
"...in like manner the
Morhenne
loves the Hart , and the partridge
love each other; and both these are good for the one and the same remedy.
So the fish Sargus and
the goat..."
"...The Sargus loves goats exceedingly, as we shall show, and hunts after the smell of them. .."
"...Take a pound of Lingnum Guaiacum, half a pound of Sarsaperilla beaten small, five ounces of the stalks and leaves of Sena, one handful of Agrimony and Horsetail, a Drachm of Cinnamon, and as much Cloves, and one Nutmeg..."
A kind of orchid.
"...Smell also Hyssop, and the sweet Lily. Wear a ring made of the hoof of a time or wild Ass. Also Satyrion, the male and female, are thought alike..."
The name Santalinus refers to its name of red Sandalwood, which all its Indian titles signify, though it bears no relationship to Santalum. It is imported, usually from Ceylon, in the form of irregular logs or billets, without bark and sapwood, and about 3 to 5 feet in length. They are heavy, dense, reddish or blackish brown outside, and, if cut transversely, a deep blood-red inside, variegated with zones of a lighter red colour. In pharmacy the wood is in the form of chips, raspings, or coarse red powder. When rubbed, the wood has a faint peculiar odour, but is otherwise odourless, with a slight, astringent taste.
"...Also as much of the Flowers of Sage, Rosemary, olive and plantaine leaves, two handfuls of Hypocistis, Horehound, and the tops of Bramble, one pound of the Flower of Myrtle, half a pound of the seed, two handfuls of Rosebuds, with their stalks, two Drachms of Saunders, Corriander prepared, and Citron Pill..."
"...Take purple Violets, Eggshells, Saunders, Camphire mingled with water. Set the water in open air, and wash the redness therein..."
"...Isaac says, that a peacock killed will be kept two days, and three in winter, that the hard flesh of it may grow soft. Haliabas hangs them up three days, hanging stones to their feet. Savanrola hangs them up ten days without weights. Simeon Sethi says, that partridge newly killed are not to be ate, but after a day or two, that they may lose their hardness..."
"...Nardum kills sheep. Dioscorides. Cattle and goats, if they drink the water where Rhododendron is steeped, will die. Pliny and Ononymus, an author nameless. Flea Bane kills Goats and Sheep. So does Savin..."
Savory is a hardy, pubescent annual, with slender erect stems about a foot high. It flowers in July, having small, pale lilac labiate flowers, axillary, on short pedicels, the common peduncle sometimes three-flowered. In ancient days, the Savorys were supposed to belong to the Satyrs, hence the name Satureia. Culpepper says:
'Mercury claims dominion over this herb. Keep it dry by you all the year, if you love yourself and your ease, and it is a hundred pounds to a penny if you do not.'
"...Take two pounds of Rose water, of Lavender half one, of Cretan Wine thirteen drachms, of the flowers of Gilliflowers, Roses, Rosemary, Jasmine, the leaves of Marjoram, wild Betony, Savory, Fennel, and Basil Gentle, half a pound. An ounce of Lemon peel, a drachm of Cinnamon, Benjamin, Storax and Nutmegs...."
"...Cherries may be preserved in Honey if you put them into a vessel that is strawed in the bottom with Savory, and so cast some Honey upon them..."
"...The ancients have invented many trees, whose fruit may be long preserved in their own Sawdust because of its dryness..."
"...Many diffuse the
Sawdust of the
Poplar, or
Fir tree, among their fruit for their
preservation. Apuleius says, you may lay them involved with fine
Tow into a basket, and they will
keep..."
Saxifrage
"The English Physitian", Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654. --"This hath a few smal reddish Kernels or Roots, covered with some Skins lying among diverse smal blackish Fibres, which send forth diverse round, faint, or yellowish green Leavs, and grayish underneath, lying above the ground unevenly dented about the edges, & somwhat hairy, every one upon a little footstalk from whence riseth up a round brownish hairy green stalk, two or three foot high, with a few such like round Leaves as grow below, but smaller, and somwhat branched at the top, whereon stand pretty large white Flowers of five Leaves apiece, with some yellow threds in the middle, standing in long crested brownish green Husks: After the Flowers are past there ariseth somtimes a round hard head by, forked at the top, wherein is containedsmall blackish Seed, but usually they fall away without any Seed; and it is the Kernels or grains of the Root which are usuallycalled the white Saxifrage Seed, and so used. "
"...Likewise Stone-crop and Saxifrage are good to break the stone in a mans bladder..."
"...Take Saxifrage, Maidenhair, Pellitory of the wall, Parsley, Pimpernel and Ceterach. Distill them in Balneo Mariae, and let the patient drink of it every other day. For it corrodes and eats away the Stone, though never so great..."
"...They contract the place with the Decoction of the forementioned things, then they set a Leech fast on upon the place, and so they make a crusty matter or Scab..."
"...Others carried letters in their Scabbards, and sent them away by messengers, and were not found out..."
"...a handful of Sowthistle, Scordium, Betony, Scabious, and a half of Mercury precipitate. A pint of Malmetry, a quart of the waters of Sowthistle, and Scabious. Mix the Wine and waters, and lay the Guaiacum in it a day, and then the rest..." ("A preservation against the Pox,")
"... I have often engrafted it upon that kind of Damosin tree which bears a Plum like a Goat's stone both in shape and greatness, (it may be it is our Scag tree) and by this means I procured great Apricots..."
Scale - . The dish of a balance; hence, the balance itself; an instrument or machine for weighing; as, to turn the scale; -- chiefly used in the plural when applied to the whole instrument or apparatus for weighing.
"... Take a perfect Balance, and put in one Scale of any metal. .."
"...If you would know how much Gold is upon a vessel Gilded. Put the cup in one Scale, and as much pure Silver in the other, that the Scales may hang equal in the air..."
"...You must take ten or twelve Lilly stalks, about such time as they are ready to yield flowers. Bind them all together and hang them up in the smoke. Then will there spring out of them some small roots, like unto a Scallion..."
Scallop - Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten and allied genera of the family Pectinidæ. The shell is usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often undulated in a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of some the species is much used as food.
"...So the fish called Ortica, and the Purple, and Muscles, and Scallops, and Perwincles, and Limpins, and all shellfish are generated of mud..."
Scammony - A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (C. Scammonia). An inspissated sap obtained from the rot of the Convolvulus Scammonia, of a blackish gray color, a nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It is used in medicine as a cathartic.
"...That Hellebore which grows in Thassus, as also Wild Cucumber, as also Scammony, are good to make Phthorium Wine, which causes abortions..."
"...But in such places where cattle eat Scammony, Black Hellebour, Perwincle, or Mercury, all their milk subverts the belly and stomach, such as is reported to be in the mountains of Justinum..."
See: (Gilthead)
"...To catch a Scarus or Gilthead...the Scarus of all fish is the most lascivious. His insatiable desire of the female is the cause he is taken. Cunning fishermen that know this..."
"...Take the flowers of Sage, Origanum, Mugwort, Savory, Elder, Sage leaves,... Spodium, Schaeinanthus, Bdellium, Mummy, Sagapenum..."
"...Homer's Scholiast says, that Mules were first devised by the Venetians, a city of Paphlagonia..."
"...This medley, Hesychius and Varinus have described. That of them comes this Thoes, as the Greeks call it. The Scholiast upon Homer say, that is like to the Hyena..."
"... Hermenias, a Theban, endeavoured, to cure many of the Sciatica, in Beotia, by Music..."
"...It may be drunk for Sciatica, taken in Wine..."
"...Likewise he learns of living creatures, which though they have no understanding, yet their senses are far quicker then ours, and by their actions they teach us physic, husbandry, the art of building, the disposing of household affairs, and almost all arts and Sciences. .."
"...The most noble Philosophers that ever were, Pythagorus, Empedocles, Democritus, and Plato, forsook their own countries, and lived abroad as exiles and banished men, rather than as strangers; and all to search out and to attain this knowledge; and when they came home again, this was the Science which they professed..."
"...We brought an example hereof out of Pliny, that Corellius took a Scion of a Chestnut tree, and grafted the same into the tree again, and thereby produced a greater and better Chestnut..."
"... An experiment which Democritus has set down. You must put your Quince-pears into a new earthen vessel. Cover it. And Pitch it all over, and so put it in a But of Wine. But so, that they may have Scope to swim upon the top of the Wine..."
"...a handful of Sowthistle, Scordium, Betony, Scabious, and a half of Mercury precipitate. A pint of Malmetry, a quart of the waters of Sowthistle, and Scabious. Mix the Wine and waters, and lay the Guaiacum in it a day, and then the rest..." ("A preservation against the Pox,")
"... Taken in the same manner, it provokes appetite, being taken early in the morning. And is good against the bitings of the Scorpions..."
"...so cunningly, that even without eggs, or any apparent seeds, they will bring forth living creatures, (as they will bring forth bees, of an Ox, and a Scorpion, of Basil..."
See: Bane
"...Aconite called Theliphonum, from killing Scorpions. Scorpions are stupefied by touching it, and they wax pale, showing that they are conquered..."
Scorpius
"...Theophrastus, speaking
of those herbs that resemble the
Scorpion and
Polypus, says, that
some herbs have a peculiar kind of form, as the root of the herb
Scorpius, called
by some
Walwort, the root
of
Polypody..."
"...Birds are not to be eaten when the Gooseberries are ripe. For their feathers will grow black thereby, and men that eat them, fall into scowrings. Dioscorides..."
"...We read in Scripture, that Elizeus did this, who at Jericho in Palestine, cast in salt into a fountain, and made it potable water, which was before bitter and corrupt..."
"...Powder Juniper gum, which Scriveners call Vernish,..."
"...Which a man may use after unclean women. Take a Drachm of Hartwort and Gentian, two Scruples of Sanders and Lignum Aloes, half a Drachm of Powder of Coral, Spodium, and Hart horn burned..."
See: Nightbird
"...The Falcon, Seagull, the Turtle, the Blackbird, the Vulture, the Nightbird, called Scopes, perish with Pomegranate kernels..."
"...After that the iron is made into a Scythe, let it grow hot to the color of gold, and then quench it in oil, or smear it with tallow, because it is subtle iron, and should it be quenched in waters, it would either crumble or be wrested..."
"...And elsewhere, Scythia first produced that root which is called Scythia, and about Baeotia it grows very sweet..."
"...To dye the eyebrows with black earth like Birume or Sea-Cole. Being burned, it is a very fine black. And it is added to those remedies that serve to dye the eyebrows and the hair black..."
"...For the male Eagle, if once he perceive that she has played the harlot, divorces her from him, and is thoroughly revenged upon her. These birds are now commonly called Sea-eagles..."
"...How to make Coleworts branch before their time, and this is by laying good store of Sea Grass about it, held up with little props, or else by laying upon it black nitre, as much as you can take up with three fingers, or thereabouts, for this will hasten the ripening thereof. .."
"...The Falcon, Seagull, the Turtle, the Blackbird, the Vulture, the Nightbird, called Scopes, perish with Pomegranate kernels..."
Sea-Lamprey
"...The
Sea-Lamprey stayeth
a ship, not principally with any one part, but with her whole body. And there
be many like examples. On the other side, many things work by some of their
parts, as the
Cockatrice and
the Basilisk, by their
eyes..."
"...Figs that shall be Purgative if you pound Hellebore and Sea-Lettuce together, and cast them upon the Fig tree roots..."
"...it may be of great use when places ae besieged,
and in armies, and affairs of great men, to know how to open lettrs, that
are sealed with the General's
Seal, and signed with his name..."
"...It is a common opinion among Seamen, that Onions and Garlic are at odds with the Loadstone. And Steersmen, and such as tend the Mariners Card are forbidden to eat Onions or Garlic, lest they make the Index of the Poles drunk..."
"...But it would be much better, if you would put the clove or head of a Sea-onion into that part which you have robbed of the Pith..."
"...a medicament that nourishes much, and abates thirst, and this was the food the besiegers of cities and the besieged also lived on. It was called Epimenidian Composition, from the Sea-onion called Epimenidium, that is one of the ingredients of that composition..."
"...Likewise they (Gourds) will grow without seeds in them, if the seeds which are planted, be macerated or steeped in Sea Samine oil..."
"... Dioscorides says, that the Sea-Scolopendra boiled in oil, and smeared on the part, will pluck off the hair by the roots..."
"...Because the Julides are a bait almost for all fish, or your groundlings or little Sea-squils, therefore they are part of all baits. Or, take the Liver of the Tuny Fish, four drachms, Sea-squils, eight drachms, Seasame seed, four drachms, beans ground, eight drachms, of raw Dog fish, two drachms. Pound all these, and make them up with new wine distilled into balls, for good baits..."
"...it is no small commodity to mankind, if Sea-water may be made potable..."
"...You must take Seawater, or else Brine, and make it boil, ando so put your Pomegranates into it..."
"...Some preserve them (Apples) by lapping them up in Reits or Seaweed, and so shutting them up into earthen pitchers..."
"...And the joints of wood they fenced with Chalk, or with ashes tempered with blood, or clay molded with hair or Straw, and with Seaweed wet with Vinegar, for so they were safe from fire..."
"...There is also a kind of fruit called by the Apothecaries, Sebesten,..."
"...This is also made of the fruit Sebesten in Syria, and likewise it may be made of ordinary Birdlime..."
"...The Ancients, against the stink of armpits, used liquid Allome with Myrrh to anoint them. Or the Secrets and Arm-holes were strewed with the dry leaves of Myrtles in powder..."
"...Or, if they sit in a Decoction of it, especially, if we mingle other Astringent things with it, and wet the Secrets therewith..."
"...Put this into a Glass Vial, and let the water Evaporate in Balneo. Take the Sediment out for your use..."
"...Take six parts of Stibium, four of Orpin, three of Arsenic, as much of Sulfur, two of Tutty. Beat them all asunder, and sift thru a fine Seirce..."
"...Then put the new Chalk into the cloth again. Stir it and strain it till it all passes through the cloth, the then suffer the water to settle, and Seirce it thru a strainer..."
"...Our wise ancestors, says Pliny, who knew the goodness of a goose liver, taught how by cramming to make it grow great, also taken forth, it is augmented by sweet milk. And it is not without cause demanded, who was the first man that found out so profitable a thing. Whether it was Scipio Metellus, that was Consul, or Mar. Sejus, that in the same age was a gentleman of Rome. Palladius taught the way how..."
"...The stone Selenites, (as much as to say the Moonbeam) called by others Aphroselinon, contains in it the image of the Moon , and shows waxing and waning of it every day in the same image..."
See: Pear
"...Pears may be long preserved in sodden Wine, especially the Tarentine Pears, and the Musk Pears, and the Gourd Pears. Varro says, that the Pears called Anciana, and Sementina are to be preserved in sodden Wine..."
"...Our Naples abounds so with them, that we would not go forth to see the orchards of the Hesperides, Alcinus, Semiramis, and at Memphis, that were made to hang above ground..."
"...and those are called Magicians, whom the latines call Wise-men, ...The Celts in France call them Druids, Bards, and Semnothites; The Egyptians call them Priests; and the Cabalists call them Prophets..."
"...Tarentinus would have it imposed upon dry Wormwood and Semper-vive. But dry Quince leaves and small sand are better. Which must be layed in layers among the grain. It is best to cover the store with Coniza, add after ten measures of grain, to lay another layer of Coniza till all be deposed..."
"... Seneca reports that Hostius made such Concave-glasses , that they might make things show greater. He was a great provoker to lust. So ordering his glasses, that when he was abused by sodomy, he might see all the motions of the sodomite behind him, and delight himself with a false representation of his privy parts that showed so great...."
"...Take a pound of Lingnum Guaiacum, half a pound of Sarsaperilla beaten small, five ounces of the stalks and leaves of Sena, one handful of Agrimony and Horsetail, a Drachm of Cinnamon, and as much Cloves, and one Nutmeg..."
"...it would bring forth herbs that had smooth bluish stalkes, and leaves full of juice and substance, such as Penny-wort, Purslane, Senegreek, and Stone-crop..."
"...And in our time, about the year 600, in the island Nesis, that stands in Naples, there was a Marble Sepulchre of some Roman found, and that being opened, a Vial was found with it, in which there was a candle..."
"...Serapio writes, the pigeons are killed when they eat corn or beans steeped in water, wherein wihte Hellebore has been infused..."
"...The Greeks say, that in the Temple of Serapis, that is vaulted at Alexandria, there was a Loadstone set, that held a statue of Brass in the air, for it had a piece of Iron in the head of it. But that is false, that Mahomets chest hangs by the roof of the Temple. Petrus Pellgrinus says, he showed in another work how that it might be done..."
"...But this was a kind of a Moon-Calf, Paracletes said, that if you cut a Serpent in pieces, and hide him in a vessel of glass, under the mud, there will be gendered many Worms, which being nourished by the mud, will grow every one as big as a Serpent, so that of one Serpent may be a hundred generated..."
"...But such as grow near to a Serpent's hole, or any noisome plants, are very hurtful. But Tarentinus speaks of this matter more precisely..."
"The English Physitian", Culpeper, Nicholas, 1616-1654. --"It Flowreth before the end of May, and the Fruit is ripe in October. ---- Services when they are mellow are fit to be taken to stay Fluxes, Scowring, and Castings, yet less than Medlars: if they be dried before they be mellow, and kept all the yeer, they may be used in Decoctions for the said purpose, either to drink, or to bath the parts requiring it: and is profitably used in that manner to stay the bleeding of Wounds, and at the Mouth or Nose, to be applied to the Forehead andNape of the Neck. "
"...They Grafted it into the Service tree, likely for this cause, that whereas the fruit of itself would make a man Laxative, the sharp taste of the Service tree being mixed with it, might cause it to be more binding..."
"...Unripe Services are long boiled in water. With these mingle whites of Eggs, and water wherein Gum-Arabick is dissolved. Wet a Linen cloth in such water, and lay on the belly..."
"...Or, take the liver of the Tuny fish, four drachms, Sea-squils, eight drachms, Sesame seed, four drachms, beans ground, eight drachms, of raw Dog fish, two drachms..."
"...The indians make it is said, Oil of Sesamon. It is made as we said before. It sends forth excellent Oil abundantly..."
"... Also, Soot is tempered for this purpose ( to dye the eyebrows black), with the smoke of paper, and Oil of Sesama. The Soot being wiped off of a new vessel with a Feather..."
"... There is another composition of the same, that has of Athenian Sesamum half a sextarius, of honey a half part, of oil a Cotyle, and a Chaenice of sweet almonds mundified..."
"... I shall let pass those common things, as Spilt, and Bean Corn, and Amel-corn, Typh-wheat, Panick, Sesamum; being all well known..."
"...And there is extant a decree of Divus Augustus, wherein he commanded to pay them at Naples yearly 20000 Sestertia out of his treasury, drawing his colony to Capua, and he assigns the cause, by reason that they of Campania affirmed that Spelt-meal could not be made without that stone..."
"...Raise two Brass Looking-glasses , or of Crystal, at right angles upon the same Brass, and let them be in a proportion called Sesquialtera, that is, one and half, or some other proportion, and let them be joined together longways, that they may be shut and opened like to a book..."
"... Simeon Sethi says, that partridge newly killed are not to be ate, but after a day or two, that they may lose their hardness.."
".. Simeon Sethi says, that if any man shall dip a wick in Cutles Ink, and Verdigrease, those that stand by will seem partly brass color, partly black, by reason of the mixture..."
Sextary /
Sextarii /
Sextarius
"...Some to fix Amphorae thereof add ten Sextarii of salt, that it may not early corrupt. Others put Fennel and Thyme in the bottom, and the Caricae on the top, and so in order, till the vessel be full..."
"...There is another composition of the same, that has of Athenian Sesamum half a Sextarius, of Honey a half part, of oil a Cotyle, and a Chaenice of sweet Almonds Mundified..."
"...In Nilus there is a black stone found, that a dog will not bark if he sees it. You must also carry a dog's tongue under your great toe within your shoe, or the dry heart of a dog about you. Sextus..."
"...Take a little tile Shard, and lay it upon the middle of the Lettuce when it is a little grown up..."
"...Palladius puts them between two tile Shards, and closes them up with Loam round about..."
"...And make two holes, one for their heads to put forth, and the other for their tails, that, that they may both eat their meat and Shit it out again when it is digested..."
"...At last, cut them with
Shears into square pieces, that
they may be convenient for use..."
Sheep
"...Sometimes yet the properties of things are operative, yes, and that more forcibly, after death, the Wolf is hurtful and odious to Sheep after he is dead...."
"...Aelianus writes, that the keeper of Sheep, and Goats, and Mares, do besmear their hands with Salt and Nitre, and then rub the generative parts of them in the time of their coition, for their more lustful and eager performance of that action..."
See: Bane
"...Nardum kills Sheep. Dioscorides. Cattle and goats, if they drink the water where Rhododendron is steeped, will die. Pliny and Ononymus, an author nameless. Flea Bane kills Goats and Sheep. So does Savin..."
Sheer - Very thin or transparent; -- applied to fabrics; as, sheer muslin.
"... And we shall make him feel the more pain, if he be anything dainty. I find in writing, that if you stick under the table a needle, that has often sowed the winding Sheer of the dead. .."
See: Murex
"...If you burn three Shellfish, especially of that kind which is called Murex, and when you have pound them together, cast the ashes thereof upon the Ivy berries..."
"...I taught formerly in my book of plants, that with white clear silver colored Herbs, Shellfish, and stones, the face might be made white, polished and silver colored. .."
Shepherd - A man employed in tending, feeding, and guarding sheep, esp. a flock grazing at large.
"...Hares feed upon Herbs that have juice like Milk, and therefore in their bellies they have a cream, whence Shepherds have learned to make cream of many such Herbs pressed together..."
"... Shepherd's make a Shepherd's pipe of Rhododaphne, and by piping on this, they will so delight Horses, that they will run after them..."
"... Shepherd's make a Shepherd's pipe of Rhododaphne, and by piping on this, they will so delight Horses, that they will run after them. And when the Shepherds play on, the Horses will stand still, and weep for joy..."
"...Pears will keep among Corn, for as Palladius says, the Siccity thereof is notably preservative..."
See Diodorus
"...But Diodorus Siculus and Strabo, say that Sopithes a King, gave Alexander an hundred and fifty of these dogs, all very huge and strong, and usually coupling with tygres..."
"...And I have heard that the poor eat it in some
places, and it hurts them not, and that some in a
Siege have lived a month with such
Bread..."
(See Loadstone)
"...Others call it Siderites from "", that in Greek signifies iron, and the Latine call it Magnes, Heraclius, and Siderites. Hesychius makes the stone Siderites to be different from Heraclius, for he says, one has an iron color, and the other a silver color..."
"...And when you have so done, put it into a very fine ranging Sieve, and sift out the smallest of it, and that which is left behind in your Sieve..."
"...Dry the flowers and herbs in the shade. And when they are withered, beat them, and Seirce them through a Sieve. .."
siligo : siliginis : wheat, wheat flour.
See: Corn
"...In the Country beyond the River Po, that part which is called Monsterax, there is a kind of Corn called Siligo, which being thrice sown, makes good bread-corn..."
"...Pliny writes, that the Corn Siligo is changed into Wheat the second year..."
"...Silk is made to weigh more. They put it upon the vapor that rises from boiling water, and this makes it swell with moisture, and grow heavier..."
Silver - A soft white metallic element, sonorous, ductile, very malleable, and capable of a high degree of polish. It is found native, and also combined with sulphur, arsenic, antimony, chlorine, etc., in the minerals argentite, proustite, pyrargyrite, ceragyrite, etc. Silver is one of the noble" metals, so-called, not being easily oxidized, and is used for coin, jewelry, plate, and a great variety of articles. Symbol Ag (Argentum). Atomic weight 107.7. Specific gravity 10.5. &hand; Silver was known under the name of luna to the ancients and also to the alchemists. Some of its compounds, as the halogen salts, are remarkable for the effect of light upon them, and are used in photography.
"...In Nonacris, a country of Arcady, there flow very cold waters out of a stone, which are called the Water of Styx, which break to pieces all vessels of Silver and Brass, and nothing can hold them but a mules foot, wherein it was brought from Antipater, into the country where Alexander was, and there his son Folla killed the King with it..."
"...That is called a Parabolical Section, that more forcibly farther off and in shorter time, will set matter on fire. That is opposite to it. It will melt Lead and Tin. My friends related to me, that Gold and Silver also..."
"... The Tibarita, says Simaus, before they drank, fenced themselves by feeding on Coleworts. Alexis..."
"...Moreover, it is required of him, that he be a Herbalist, not only able to discern common Simples, but very skillful and sharp-sighted in the nature of all plants; for the uncertain names of plants, and their near likeness of one to another, so that they can hardly be discerned, has put us to much trouble in some of our works and experiments..."
"...And there are diverse confections of Wine which you may read of in the most exact writers of Physick, and of matters of Husbandry, which are easy both to be learned, and also practised by those that are well acquainted with the operations of Simples..